Leather is leather, fur-based materials to textiles, plastics, rubber and other materials made into products for the general term, is one of the favorite one of daily necessities, and people's daily lives, but also the Defence Force to be goods. China is the largest producer of leather products, consuming and exporting countries.

Leather products industry is part of the leather industry, known as less investment, quick, and other characteristics, is one of the pillar industries of China Light Industry. The development of leather products industry, both domestic and prosperity of the market to meet the needs of the people, improve people's lives level, but also to accumulate funds for construction; the same time, the leather products industry and foreign trade is closely related to expansion of exports, foreign exchange earnings for the country. Therefore, the leather products industry to meet people's needs and support national economic construction, playing a very important role.

1.2,Shoe Machine in the role of the production of leather products

Leather is a typical labor-intensive production processes processing industry, machine production and quality of the protection plays a very important role. For example, two feet is the normal symmetrical, which requires about the same as a pair of shoes to wear comfortable. hand shoes is very difficult to do this, but the machine is completely able to do. Therefore, the leather products leather products processing machinery is an integral part of the completion of an important means of production of leather products, leather products industry is a measure of technical level of the landmark. With the development of science and technology, the technical measures can not be directly done by hand, and only use the machine to break through the limitations of human capabilities, reduce labor intensity and production costs, increase productivity, improve product quality. to achieve the production of leather products, mechanization and automation, for the development of the leather products industry has an extremely important role.

2 Shoe Machine features

Shoe Machine Light Industry Machinery door as a class of class-specific machinery, as has similarities with other machinery, but also has its distinctive characteristics of professional machinery.

2.1, Shoe Machine range, variety

Shoe Machine as an industry can be divided into: tanning machine, fur machine, footwear machinery, leather machinery, leather, machinery and other hardware accessories; to the process method, structure, etc. can be divided into for leather shaving machines, to the meat machine, shoe with Splitting Machine, stretch to help machines.

2.2,Shoe Machines structure, movement, processing principle very different, with varying degrees of complexity

Such as leather in the drum machine can be considered a non-pressure or low pressure in the container can rotate the knife shaft and other machines and split the case with the tool (tool, die, etc.) to action-oriented processing machinery Most leather products, machinery is also in this category. solely from the mechanical structure and movement of view, the drum is relatively simple, to the meat machine, split, and other more complicated, shoe machine to help with a variety of even more stretched complex.

2.3 The processing of object structure, the special nature of

Shoe Machine processing object is an animal skin, simply, animal skin is mainly made of collagen fibers interlaced weave. Paper plate with a face large and thin, soft and easy to deformation, high-elastic toughness, poor location and other characteristics. These features to determine the leather products processing power required is relatively large, but the force is more difficult, it is not conducive to machining processing.

2.4Shoe Machine poor working conditions

As we all know, leather processing the majority of processes in the water, gas and various chemical materials, processing waste and other coexisting conditions, and processing machines in which all, it will suffer.

As noted above, Shoe Machine yet so different. On the whole, its structure, with the action agencies, such transmission is still relatively complex, such as leather to go with the meat machine, shaving machine, split, etc, the system shoes of Splitting Machine, stretch to help machine, inside machines, outside machine, Eyelet Machine, Folding Machine, etc., the complexity can be used with any kind of industrial machinery (single) compared. However, if the accuracy of processed products from the requirements of say, Shoe Machine is relatively low, and thus conducive to machine design and manufacturing.

Integrated to judge, leather industry machinery precision can be considered to be general (except for a few outside the machine), structural complexity of the general, special processing of the object, the stronger environmental adaptability of processing machinery.

3 China Shoe Machine Industry Status and Problems

At present, China Shoe Machine Industry has a certain scale, the manufacturers of products in categories, specifications, quantity, quality and other aspects of development and improvement of a great, basic leather to meet the needs of enterprises, part of the paper machine has reached or close to international standards and exports 80. In recent years, a number of large enterprises involved in military production of Paper Machine, Paper Machine effectively promoted the development of industry, has formed a few paper machine manufacturing base, the Group. but we can not deny this fact: leather products processing industry in China is still a labor-intensive industries, even the most current and medium-sized enterprises to use leather, high performance machines is still based on "Ocean Machine," which, made with quality leather machine Paper machine advanced, there is still a gap. China has a vast market of leather machines, leather machines can be some domestic companies are recession, it is indeed a contradiction.

3.1 The lack of Shoe Machine Shoe Machine Design Theory is the fundamental crux of the technology behind

Any disciplines, regardless of their size, difficult and easy, complex and simple, all its corresponding theory, the lack of discipline is the theory behind the subject. Chinese leather industry has a long history of liberation, but also for the Chinese leather industry the cause of socialist construction and make its due contribution, but discipline has been seen as a small leather subjects, for the leather industry services Shoe Machine Industry can only be a foil, though forty years have been developed, but did not establish their own design theory.

Shoe Machine industry to develop, we should first establish the discipline of design theory, which is developing the fundamental key to key, relevant departments should be encouraged to support experts and scholars writing about Shoe Machine's books, for the early establishment and improvement of China Shoe Machine design theories.

3.2 research efforts is not enough, unable to promote industrial development Shoe Machine

In the absence of theoretical guidance for the design case, increased research efforts do not just stay in the import, copy, then we will be forever behind. Although domestic Shoe Machine specializes in the research institutions and staff is small, but this does not prevent us research. solely on the mechanical industry sector research institutions, China has a strong scientific research, but also a precedent for the success of cooperative research. So the question is how to carry out research.

Increased research efforts in the affirmative, does not mean that only invest a lump sum funding, construction of several research institutions. We should break the bound of the industry, in large policies, the industry competent authorities should co-ordinate the planning, formulation of development plans, regularly publish information on key technologies, broad strokes of various research institutions to conduct research on specific design problems, skin machine companies and research institutions should take the initiative to strengthen cooperation, joint research, cooperative development, cooperative design.

3.3Shoe Machine shortage of professionals, limiting industrial development Shoe Machine

Lack of local business professionals in the skin, mainly because we do not train Shoe Machine expertise, is to develop, and Paper Machine enterprises do not move, unable to retain. No matter what specialized machinery, the mechanical principle is the same, as long as Training students to master a solid mechanical design theory and methods, good appropriate for specific issues solution, this kind of professional wide, solid theoretical basis for specialized training of students of students than the capacity of much stronger, and this has been proof of the theory and practice.

The quality of talent is to develop, rather than the form in the professional setting. Great efforts to strengthen institutions and other departments within the Department of leather cooperation to solve the problem of talent shortage Shoe Machine is the best way.

3.4 The design capacity, the low level of manufacturing technology and equipment behind, it is difficult to produce high-quality, high-level machine

Modern machines are mechanical, electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic products such as technology integration, Paper Machine has become more modern, such a complex machine design put forward higher requirements, such as reverse engineering, reliability engineering, optimization design, CAD / CAM technology, electromechanical integration, ergonomics and other modern design theory and methods are a designer should have the knowledge. universities in the curriculum, training models have a forward-thinking, service design should continue to learn and acquire new knowledge, improve design capabilities.

"Shoe Machine poor industrial infrastructure, design theory is imperfect, inadequate research, professional talent shortage, is the introduction of copy-based", which is that China is a true portrayal of Industrial Shoe Machine, Shoe Machine is also a low level of China's backward The most fundamental. and realize the leather production mechanization and automation is the fundamental way of its development.

4 Problems in China's leather industry causes and solutions

Paper Machine in China are generally small and medium sized enterprises specializing in the production, and its backward technology and equipment in general, and some plant equipment several years co-exist, how can we create advanced, high-quality machines? Increased investment for technological transformation is imperative, should follow the joint, forming enterprise groups the road, a concentrated human, financial and material resources, create a fist, brand name machines.

Now find the reason, we have to think about a solution, the above analysis, I believe that the increase of the current transformation of the NC Shoe Machine is the best way to resolve this contradiction.

5 on the CNC transformation Shoe Machine

5.1 The concept of CNC technology

CNC technology is the 20th century, 70 developed a machine tool control technology. Thirty years, with electronic devices, computers, sensing and detection, mechanical manufacturing technology continues to progress, to electronic information technology, set traditional mechanical manufacturing technology, computer technology, group technology and modern control technology, sensor monitoring and control technology, information processing, network communication technology, hydraulic and pneumatic technology, electromechanical technology in one numerical control technology has been the rapid development and wide application, making general machinery gradually by high efficiency and high precision numerical control equipment is replaced, forming a huge productivity, leading to fundamental changes in the manufacturing sector. CNC technology has become the foundation of modern manufacturing technology, the level of its ownership and the number of CNC machine tools measure of a country has become an important symbol of industrial modernization.

CNC technology in the machinery manufacturing industry has been widely applied because it effectively address the complex, sophisticated, small groups of diverse parts processing problems, to adapt to the rapid replacement of various mechanical products need to enable enterprises to quickly respond to market demand the ability to greatly enhance its significant economic benefits, specifically in the following areas:

1. Production efficiency, increased by 3 times than ordinary machine 5 times;

2. To reduce tooling, reduce human error and improve precision, has broad applicability and flexibility;

3. Shorten the trial of new products and production cycle, easy to organize multi-variety production, enabling businesses to respond quickly to market demands;

4. Can not be processed general machine tools for processing large and complex parts;

5. Can reduce labor intensity and improve working conditions and save manpower, reduce labor costs;

6. Can be realized software error compensation and optimal control.

5.2 CNC transformation of the purpose and significance

According to materials, China now has more than three million machine tools, CNC machine tools of which the total number of only 113,000 units, most of all the accumulated production of general machine tools, more than 10 years of military age accounted for more than 60%, 10 years of machine tools, automatic, semi-automatic machine less than 20%, FMC / FMS and other automated production line is very few. Currently, the measure of a national army, the people of modern machinery manufacturing industry is an important indicator of the level of ownership in the machine the proportion of NC machine tools (CNC rate). In this regard, developed countries have already reached more than 20%, while China is only 1.9% (1995 industrial census data), so there is a major gap. In view of China's specific conditions, To have the amount of the NC machine to catch up with the foreign rate, high degree of automation in the short period of time the equipment with a large number of updates, alternative, in terms of money or from the production capacity of China's machine tool factory look is not feasible, We can not discard a large number of general machine tools are being used in favor of, the high-end CNC machine tools, which rely solely on acquiring new CNC machine tools, is the financial resources of developing countries like ours can not afford, and for generally belong to small and medium leather business, this is particularly evident. Therefore, we must actively promote investment, large effective transformation of the old experience of CNC machine tools, machine tools using CNC technology to automate the ordinary or modified to enhance their precision NC rate.

5.3 The transformation of China Shoe Machine feasibility of NC

Shoe Machine transformation of China's existing comprehensive analysis of:

1. Technology: In the past few decades, Shoe Machine little change in the basic operating principle, but the social productive forces, especially the microelectronics, computer technology has developed rapidly, reflected in the machine tool control system, it can raise machine degree of automation, but also to improve accuracy. Practice has proved that the machine modified to meet both the technological progress and higher productivity demands, but also improve the accuracy of the product, increase the scope of surface processing, but also enhances its ability to adapt to many. This also illustrates the technological transformation of the old machine numerical control on the feasibility.

2. Economic: As the new machine is expensive, a huge time investment, all equipment if the old machine to new machine replaced, the state must spend a lot of money, and replace the machine will idle up and down the wastage, the use of a technological innovation to achieve modernization, the more than 50% can save money. from China in terms of the specific situation, a set of economic NC unit price of only full-function numerical control device 1 / 3 ~ l / 5, general users can afford. This financial strain technical development of small and medium enterprises to create a new path.

3. Market: According to national statistics, order a new CNC machine delivery cycle is generally longer, often can not meet production requirements. Therefore, the transformation of CNC machine tools to meet market demand has become the primary complementary means.

4. Production: industrial production in the machinery, variety, small batch or single production is the basic feature of modern machine building, occupies a large proportion. To complete the production task, nothing more than select the general machine tools, special machine tool or CNC machine tools, CNC machine tools can best meet the needs of such production. From the above analysis is not difficult to see that the old machine numerical control technology for the transformation is feasible and is necessary: This is to improve the machine performance can be achieved greater economic benefits.

Computer numerical control machine tools for mechanical processing has matured. In recent years, China has successfully developed a variety of CNC controlled machine tools, including digital control technology for transformation of the old machine numerical control technology is an important aspect, with numerical control technology The purpose of transformation of the old machine tools, primarily targeted to address the following issues:

1) Accuracy of machine tools dropped solve old problems;

2) improve machine automation;

3) extension machine functions.

At present, China has been a variety of models of economic numerical control system come out. To the current situation, China Shoe Machine industry, many types of CNC machine tools has not yet been modified. Therefore, the transformation of the old NC machine tools is necessary, but also entirely feasible.

Shoe Machine accuracy requirements are generally normal (except for a few outside the machine), structural complexity of the general, special processing of the object, the stronger environmental adaptability of processing machinery and therefore applicable to NC with the economic transformation. The so-called economic NC, generally are low-end digital technology, it is mainly by the micro-computer and the stepper motor drive system consisting of a simple numerical control systems and other features, low price of CNC system.

Currently, the CNC machine tools on the one hand to the multi-functional, high-speed direction, while developing simple CNC equipment, CNC system using economic transformation of the old equipment, numerical control technology is an important aspect of the industry.

6 Conclusion

To sum up, China Shoe Machine has entered the age of universal, such as do not carry out technological transformation is bound to be outdated, while the transformation of existing CNC machine is the best way to solve this problem.

The machine is the product of machine tools, there is no high-quality machine tools to make no high-quality products. The information that the future of China's leather industry is bright, but the equipment on active service in China has entered the leather business adulthood, old age, a new round of technological transformation of enterprises of the upcoming. hope that China Paper Machine companies can seize the opportunity to take up responsibility, sing praises protagonist, the development of leather industry in China to make its due contribution.