I will usually apply the neatsfoot just after it's been cut out. If dyeing, I dye it right after the NFO. If not, then I allow the oil to dry, then put the holster together, then apply sno-seal, or my homemade protectant made of beef tallow and beeswax. Seams to do the trick. This one has a little dye on the tooled portion, but the remainder is natural HO veg tan.