You are missing the fact that this is as noted above, a 220VAC motor, not a 12VDC motor. Leads to the AC motor are only about #14 cable versus the heavy battery cables used on 12VDC engine starting motors.
Typical AC induction motors draw up to 7x running current during starting. Circuit breakers and fuses for such loads work on both time and current. Their application will be designed/based on time overcurrent. This is to protect the supply lines, not the motor, though it may protect the motor in many cases.
160A at 220VAC is way out of range for a sewing machine motor, an obvious mistake in publishing the specifications. This would fry the supply leads in a few seconds if not instantly. Would also drag the voltage down for the building and possibly the neighbours before it blows. No one would be happy with this!